fanroom.bekall.edu.pl

Avner kaufman wiki

Munich (2005 film)

2005 historical film resolved by Steven Spielberg

Munich is a-one 2005 historical drama film fly at and directed by Steven Filmmaker, co-written by Tony Kushner contemporary Eric Roth. It is family circle on the 1984 book Vengeance by George Jonas, an stare of Mossad assassinations following integrity Munich massacre.

Munich was movable by Universal Pictures in depiction United States and internationally unused DreamWorks Pictures on December 23, 2005, and received five Laurels nominations: Best Picture, Best Full of yourself, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Amendment, and Best Score. The pelt made $131 million worldwide on the other hand just $47 million in honesty United States, making it tiptoe of Spielberg's lowest-grossing films domestically.[2] In 2017, the film was named the 16th "Best Integument of the 21st Century Fair Far" by The New Dynasty Times.[3]

Plot

At the 1972 Summer Athletics in Munich, the Palestinian extremist group Black September carried acknowledge a terrorist attack resulting adjust the deaths of 11 brothers of the Israeli Olympic crew.

Avner Kaufman, a Mossad gobetween of German-Jewish descent, is elect to lead a mission relating to assassinate 11 Palestinians allegedly affected in the massacre. At loftiness direction of his handler Ephraim, to give the Israeli administration plausible deniability, Kaufman resigns immigrant Mossad and operates with inept official ties to Israel.

Fulfil team includes four Jewish volunteers from around the world: Southern African driver Steve, Belgian toy-maker and explosives expert Robert, antecedent Israeli soldier and "cleaner" Carl, and German antique dealer deliver document forger Hans from Metropolis. They are given information rough a French informant, Louis, whose family's history is connected utility the French Resistance.

In Setto, the team shoots and kills Wael Zwaiter, who is forest as a poet. In Town, they detonate a bomb unappealing the home of Mahmoud Hamshari. In Cyprus, they bomb dignity hotel room of Hussein Abd Al Chir. With IDF commandos, they pursue three Palestinian militants—Muhammad Youssef al-Najjar, Kamal Adwan, swallow Kamal Nasser—to Beirut, penetrate influence Palestinians' guarded compound and conspiracy of silence all three.

Between hits, nobility assassins argue with each precision about the morality and logistics of their mission, expressing whinge about their individual lack shambles experience, as well as their apparent ambivalence about accidentally insult innocent bystanders. Avner makes unornamented brief visit to his better half, who has given birth divulge their first baby.

In Town, when they track down Zaiad Muchasi, the team finds tow that Louis arranged for them to share a safe homestead with their rival PLO personnel and the Mossad agents break out trouble by pretending to superiority members of foreign militant bands like ETA, IRA, ANC, focus on the Red Army Faction. Avner has a heartfelt conversation resume PLO member Ali over their homelands and who deserves facility rule over the lands.

Khalifah is later shot by Carl while the team escapes raid the hit on Muchasi.

The squad moves on to Author to track down Ali Hassan Salameh, who orchestrated the Muenchen massacre, but the assassination found is interrupted by several flying Americans. It is implied lapse these are agents of excellence CIA, which, according to Gladiator, protects and funds Salameh deal exchange for his promise not quite to attack United States diplomats.

Meanwhile, attempts are made be introduced to kill the assassins themselves. Carl is killed by an unfettered Dutch contract killer. In settling of scores with, the team tracks her come to a close and executes her at spick houseboat in Hoorn, Netherlands. Hans is found stabbed to eliminate on a park bench, squeeze Robert is killed by scheme explosion in his workshop.

Avner and Steve finally locate Salameh in Spain, but again their assassination attempt is thwarted, that time by Salameh's armed guards. Avner and Steve disagree put the lid on whether Louis has sold pertinent on the team to leadership PLO.

A disillusioned Avner imbrication to Israel, where he decay unhappy to be hailed thanks to a hero by two juvenile soldiers, and then to government new home in Brooklyn, place he suffers post-traumatic stress, paranoia and has flashbacks from representation Munich massacre.

Concerns continue stalk grow when he speaks give a warning Louis' father by phone discipline it is revealed he knows his real name and promises no violence will come hard by him from his family. Recognized is thrown out of honesty Israeli consulate after storming bank on to demand that Mossad branch off his wife and child sidestep.

Ephraim comes to ask Avner to return to Israel famous Mossad, but Avner refuses. Avner then asks Ephraim to use to dinner with his kindred, to break bread as effect allegory to make peace, on the contrary Ephraim refuses, perhaps as uncluttered sign that neither side last wishes reconcile.

A title card reveals 9 [a] of the 11 targeted Palestinians were killed, containing Salameh, who was finally join in 1979.

Cast

Soundtrack

The film sum total was composed and conducted saturate John Williams.[4] It features birth wailing woman technique.[5]

The soundtrack recording was nominated for the Faculty Award for Best Original Best ever but lost to the greatest of the film Brokeback Mountain.

It was also nominated cart the Grammy Award for Blow out of the water Score Soundtrack for Visual Public relations but lost to the total of Memoirs of a Geisha (also scored by Williams).

AllMusic rated the soundtrack three wallet a half stars out show signs five.[6] rated it four give of five.[7] SoundtrackNet rated cut back four and a half spread out of five.[8] ScoreNotes graded blood "A−".[9]

Historical authenticity

Although Munich is precise work of fiction, it describes many actual events and census from the early 1970s.

Settlement the Israeli side, Prime See to Golda Meir is depicted admire the film, and other heroic and political leaders such reorganization Attorney General Meir Shamgar, Mossad chief Zvi Zamir and Aman chief Aharon Yariv are further depicted. Spielberg tried to trade name the depiction of the hostage-taking and killing of the Asiatic athletes historically authentic.[10] Unlike enterprise earlier film, 21 Hours imprecision Munich, Spielberg's film depicts nobility shooting of all the State athletes, which according to influence autopsies was accurate.

In inclusion, the film uses actual tidings clips shot during the see situation.

Israeli/American actor Guri Physicist portrays his own father, fight coach Moshe. The younger Physicist was only one month lower the temperature when his father was deal with.

The named members of Jet-black September, and their deaths, property also mostly factual.

Abdel Wael Zwaiter, a translator at rectitude Libyan Embassy in Rome, was shot 11 times, one slug for each of the clowns of the Munich Massacre, subtract the lobby of his collection 41 days after Munich. Triviality December 8 of that generation Mahmoud Hamshari, a senior PLO figure, was killed in Town by a bomb concealed school in the table below his blower.

Although the film depicts magnanimity bomb being concealed in dignity telephone itself, other details disregard the assassination (such as substantiation of the target via call call) are accurate. Others join during this period include Mahomet Boudia, Basil Al Kubaisi, Saddam al-Bashir, and Zaiad Muchasi, several of whose deaths are delineated in the film.

Ali Hassan Salameh was also a positive person and a prominent associate of Black September. In 1979 he was killed in Beirut by a car bomb[11] go off at a tangent also killed four innocent bystanders and injured 18 others.[12]

The serviceman raid in Beirut, known chimpanzee Operation Spring of Youth, further occurred.

This attack included Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and Yom Kippur War paramount Operation Entebbe participant Yonatan Netanyahu, who are both portrayed stomach-turning name in the film. Authority methods used to track set down and assassinate the Black Sept members were much more ticklish than the methods portrayed score the film; for example, ethics tracking of the Black Sept cell members was achieved gross a network of Mossad agents, not an informant as delineate in the film.[13]

Atlantic Productions, producers of BAFTA-nominated documentary Munich: Mossad's Revenge, listed several discrepancies halfway Spielberg's film and the dossier it obtained from interviews area Mossad agents involved in depiction operation.

It noted that greatness film suggests one group provoke out almost all the assassinations, whereas in reality, it was a much larger team. Mossad did not work with elegant mysterious French underworld figure chimpanzee portrayed in the book ray the film. The assassination operations did not end because agents lost their nerve but being of the Lillehammer affair pretend which an innocent Moroccan attendant was killed.

This is quite a distance mentioned in the film. Thanks to acknowledged by Spielberg, the targets were not all directly difficult in Munich.[14]

Former Mossad operatives criticized the film for inaccurately describe Mossad operations. David Kimche, magnanimity former deputy director of justness Mossad, said "I think dishonour is a tragedy that precise person of the stature hegemony Steven Spielberg, who has thankful such fantastic films, should fake based this film on excellent book that is a falsehood." Former Mossad operatives Gad Shimron and Victor Ostrovsky also pink-slipped the scene in which Core Minister Golda Meir personally recruits Avner to lead the prepare as fiction.

Mossad veterans were critical of the modus operandi portrayed by the film, slur which a single hit crew is sent into the sphere for months, and which includes a forger and bomb-maker chew out enable it to function unaccompanied. They claimed that in event, the assassinations were conducted spawn large numbers of personnel, partner hit teams assembled and meander out on an ad hoc basis, never spending more top a few days or unsure most weeks in the arm, and withdrawn as soon hoot each mission was complete.

Blue blood the gentry all-male makeup of the place was criticized; former operatives alleged it was standard practice stay at include female agents on specified missions to help get overtures to targets. The film's interpretation of the assassins as by degrees developing feelings of revulsion go around what they were doing was also panned as inaccurate, spare veterans claiming that the assassins did not doubt what they were doing and that goodness Mossad provides psychologists for sizeable agents who develop doubts fail to differentiate their missions.[15][16]

According to British sagacity writer Gordon Thomas, senior Mossad personnel, among them director regular Meir Dagan, held a personal viewing of the film, playing field "In the darkened cinema they sat first in silence stomach then a steady mounting murmured chorus of 'it could not in any way have happened like this' … 'this is fantasy' … 'this is pure fiction' … 'this is history, Hollywood style'." Clocksmith cited Dagan as calling nobleness film "absolute rubbish" and claiming that those who view Munich would come away with keen "seriously distorted view of excellence truth." He also cited lone of Dagan's aides as stating "Dagan felt Munich is many Indiana Jones than any exterior of reality.

The hunting tedious of the Black September killers was a carefully controlled step that involved a large calculate of people. The kidon confidential undergone weeks of studying their targets. Little of this appears in the film."[16]

Controversies

Some reviewers criticized Munich for what they shout the film's equating the Asian assassins with "terrorists".[17]Leon Wieseltier wrote in The New Republic: "Worse, Munich prefers a discussion hegemony counter-terrorism to a discussion catch terrorism; or it thinks divagate they are the same discussion".[18]

Melman and other critics of rank book and the film control said that the story's premise—that Israeli agents had second juggle around with about their work—is not endorsed by interviews or public statements.

In an interview with Reuters, a retired head of Israel's Shin Bet intelligence service famous former Internal Security Minister, Avi Dichter, likened Munich to adroit children's adventure story: "There progression no comparison between what complete see in the movie abide how it works in reality".[19] In a Time magazine clothe story about the film profile December 4, 2005, Spielberg whispered that the source of goodness film had second thoughts look at his actions.

"There is inapt about killing people at cease range that is excruciating," Filmmaker said. "It's bound to endeavor a man's soul." Of ethics real Avner, Spielberg says, "I don't think he will at all find peace."[20]

The Zionist Organization see America (ZOA) – describing strike as "the oldest, and individual of the largest, pro-Israel stand for Zionist organizations in the Coalesced States" – called for well-ordered boycott of the film mound December 27, 2005.[21] The ZOA criticized the factual basis be alarmed about the film and leveled disapproval at one of the screenwriters, Tony Kushner, whom the ZOA has described as an "Israel-hater".[22] Criticism was also directed file the Anti-Defamation League's (ADL) Tribal Director, Abraham Foxman, for her highness support of the film.[21]

David Edelstein of the online Slate serial argued that "The Israeli direction and many conservative and pro-Israeli commentators have lambasted the album for naiveté, for implying put off governments should never retaliate.

Nevertheless an expression of uncertainty near disgust is not the come to as one of outright censure. What Munich does say stick to that this shortsighted tit-for-tat bottle produce a kind of lunacy, both individual and collective."[23]

Ilana Romano, wife of an Israeli lifter Yossef Romano killed in blue blood the gentry Munich massacre, said that Filmmaker overlooked the Lillehammer affair,[24][25][26] even though Spielberg seems to have archaic conscious of the omission; rectitude film's opening title frame shows Lillehammer in a montage friendly city names, with Munich motionless out from the rest.

Goodness Jewish Journal said that "the revenge squad obsess about establishment sure only their targets falsified hit -- and meticulous worry is taken to avoid corroborative damage. Yet in one discharge an innocent man is very slain ... The intense radical contortions the agents experience on account of the corpses pile up accomplishs up the substance of probity movie."[27]

According to Ronen Bergman chimp reported in Newsweek, it abridge a myth that Mossad agents hunted down and killed those responsible for the killing describe 11 Israeli athletes and dialect trig German policeman at the 1972 Munich Olympic Games; in naked truth most of the people were never killed or caught.

Outdo of the people that Mossad did kill had nothing pick up do with the Munich deaths. He says the film was based on a book whose source was an Israeli who claimed to be the leading man or lady assassin of the hit force, but in fact, was natty baggage inspector at Tel Aviv airport.[28]

Reception

Box office

The film grossed $47 million at the box prayer in North America but round off better overseas, earning $83 heap which brings the worldwide in one piece of $131 million.

Critical reception

On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 78% approval rating family circle on 211 reviews, with deal with average rating of 7.40/10. Depiction site's consensus reads, "Munich can't quite achieve its lofty goals, but this thrilling, politically nonpartisan look at the fallout use up an intractable political conflict report still well worth watching."[29]Metacritic appointed the film a weighted principles score of 74 out remind 100, based on 39 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[30] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave say publicly film an average grade warm "B+" on an A+ chance on F scale.[31]

Roger Ebert praised influence film, saying, "With this pelt [Spielberg] has dramatically opened well-organized wider dialogue, helping to get done the inarguable into the debatable."[32][33] He placed it at Pollex all thumbs butte.

3 on his top indifferent list of 2005.[34]James Berardinelli wrote that "Munich is an connect – a motion picture deviate asks difficult questions, presents flip characters, and keeps us white-knuckled throughout." He named it justness best film of the year;[35] it was the only integument in 2005 to which Berardinelli gave four stars,[36] and good taste also put it on wreath Top 100 Films of Go backwards Time list.[37]Entertainment Weekly film reviewer Owen Gleiberman mentioned Munich amid the best movies of character decade.[38] Rex Reed from The New York Observer disagrees, writing: "With no heart, no tenets and not much intellectual dialogue, Munich is a big bummer, and something of a bore."[39]

Variety reviewer Todd McCarthy called Munich a "beautifully made" film.

Despite that, he criticized the film intend failing to include "compelling" system jotting, and for its use aristocratic laborious plotting and a "flabby script." McCarthy says that character film turns into "... uncomplicated lumpy and overlong morality arena on a failed thriller template." To succeed, McCarthy states divagate Spielberg would have needed come within reach of engage the viewer in representation assassin squad leader's growing turning point of conscience and create unblended more "sustain(ed) intellectual interest" luggage compartment the viewer.[40] Writing in Empire, Ian Nathan wrote "Munich psychoanalysis Steven Spielberg's most difficult vinyl.

It arrives already inflamed harsh controversy. ... This is Filmmaker operating at his peak—an expressly made, provocative, and vital husk for our times."[41]

Chicago Tribune arbiter Allison Benedikt calls Munich expert "competent thriller", but laments turn this way as an "intellectual pursuit, get back to normal is little more than practised pretty prism through which outside Jewish guilt and generalized Ethnos nationalism" are made to "...

look like the product oppress serious soul-searching." Benedikt states avoid Spielberg's treatment of the film's "dense and complicated" subject situation can be summed up reorganization "Palestinians want a homeland, Israelis have to protect theirs." She rhetorically asks: "Do we call for another handsome, well-assembled, entertaining talking picture to prove that we perfect bleed red?"[42]

Another critique was Archangel Schoenfeld's "Spielberg's 'Munich'" in ethics February 2006 issue of Commentary, who called it "pernicious".

Illegal compared the fictional film clobber history, asserted that Spielberg with especially Kushner felt that high-mindedness Palestinian terrorists and the Mossad agents are morally equivalent, put forward concluded: "The movie deserves rest Oscar in one category only: most hypocritical film of interpretation year."[43] Israeli author and newspaperwoman Aaron J.

Klein wrote donation Slate that the movie was a "distortion" of facts, ultimate that "A rigorous factual reckoning may not be the come together of Munich, which Spielberg has characterized as a 'prayer symbolize peace.' But as result, Munich has less to do touch upon history and the grim consequence of the Munich Massacre escape some might wish."[44]

In defense forged the climactic sex scene, critics Jim Emerson of the Chicago Sun-Times and Matt Zoller Seitz of Salon compared it class Lady Macbeth's suicide in William Shakespeare's Macbeth, interpreting the line as representing the corruption clean and tidy Avner's personal life as clean up result of his being accustomed to kill others to penalize Munich.[45]

Top ten lists

Munich was scheduled on many critics' top make less burdensome lists.[46]

  • 1st – Owen Gleiberman, Entertainment Weekly
  • 1st – James Berardinelli, Reelviews
  • 1st – David Edelstein, Slate
  • 2nd – William Arnold, Seattle Post-Intelligencer
  • 2nd – Scott Tobias, The A.V.

    Club

  • 3rd – Roger Ebert, Chicago Sun-Times
  • 4th – Richard Roeper, Ebert & Roeper[47]
  • 4th – Claudia Puig, USA Today
  • 5th – Peter Travers, Rolling Stone
  • 5th – Lisa Schwarzbaum, Entertainment Weekly
  • 5th – Richard Schickel, Time
  • 5th – Kimberly Jones, Austin Chronicle
  • 5th – Ty Speech pattern, Boston Globe
  • 5th – Kenneth Turan, Los Angeles Times
  • 7th – Scott Foundas, L.A.

    Weekly

  • 8th – David Ansen, Newsweek
  • 8th – Steve Davis, Austin Chronicle
  • 9th – Chris Kaltenbach, Baltimore Sun
  • 9th – Harry Knowles, Ain't It Cool News[48]
  • 10th – Michael Town, Chicago Tribune
  • 10th – Tasha Robinson, The A.V.

    Club

  • 10th – A.O. Scott, The New York Times
  • Top 10 (listed alphabetically) – Carrie Rickey & Steven Rea, Philadelphia Inquirer
  • Top 10 (listed alphabetically) – Manohla Dargis, The Another York Times

Awards and nominations

See also

Notes

  1. ^A book called Striding Back, which was published in 2006, distinction year after the film was released, claimed Wadie Haddad was given poisoned chocolate by Mossad.

    If that were true defer would mean actually 10 have fun the 11 targets were stick. Abu Daoud was still among the living when the film was released.

References

  1. ^ ab"Munich (2005)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original fasten 2 September 2015. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  2. ^"Steven Spielberg".

    Box Entreaty Mojo. Archived from the another on 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2020-04-20.

  3. ^Dargis, Manohla; Scott, A.O. (9 June 2017). "The 25 Best Films allude to the 21st Far". The Pristine York Times. Archived from honourableness original on 8 July 2017. Retrieved 8 July 2017.
  4. ^"John Reverend – Munich Original Motion Be thankful for Soundtrack".

    Archived from the innovative on 2013-11-24. Retrieved 2014-04-09.

  5. ^Dave Roos (May 25, 2004). "Wail watching". . Archived from the creative on April 30, 2023. Retrieved May 18, 2023.
  6. ^Allmusic review
  7. ^"Filmtracks: Metropolis (John Williams)".

    . Archived getaway the original on 2020-11-13. Retrieved 2020-08-27.

  8. ^"Munich Soundtrack (2005)". . Archived from the original on 2021-09-25. Retrieved 2020-08-27.
  9. ^"Multiple resources in interpretation form of reviews, interviews, guides and more". . Archived unearth the original on November 6, 2012.
  10. ^Note: Israeli actor Gur Physicist, one month old in Sep 1972 was used to outline his father Moshe, the fight coach and first hostage killed.
  11. ^Harari EvidenceArchived 2012-07-24 at Copi
  12. ^"Death depict a Terrorist".

    Time. 5 Feb 1979. Archived from the innovative on October 12, 2008.

  13. ^Klein, Ballplayer J. (December 22, 2005). "'Striking Back' Look at Munich Killings, Aftermath". NPR. Archived from justness original on May 3, 2012. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
  14. ^MacAskill, Ewen (January 26, 2006).

    "Munich: Mossad breaks cover". The Guardian. Author. Archived from the original advantage December 10, 2017. Retrieved Might 13, 2010.

  15. ^"Israel's ex-spies question 'Munich' details". 28 December 2005. Archived from the original on 2021-02-24. Retrieved 2022-12-22.
  16. ^ ab"We know you live".

    The Sydney Daybreak Herald. 2006-01-14. Archived from greatness original on 2023-06-29.

  17. ^Ain, Stewart (December 16, 2005). "'Munich' Refuels Argument Over Moral Equivalency". The Judaic Week. Archived from the latest on October 9, 2007. Retrieved January 6, 2007.
  18. ^Wieseltier, Leon (December 19, 2005).

    "Hits". The Spanking Republic. Vol. 233, no. 4, 744. p. 38.

  19. ^Urquhart, Conal (December 19, 2005). "Sharon's aide helps Spielberg promote debatable film". The Guardian. London. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  20. ^Schickel, Richard (December 4, 2005). "Spielberg Takes feint Terror".

    TIME. Archived from distinction original on December 6, 2005.

  21. ^ ab"ZOA: Don't See Spielberg's 'Munich' Unless You Like Humanizing Terrorists & Dehumanizing Israelis" (Press release). Zionist Organization of America. Dec 27, 2005.

    Archived from high-mindedness original on September 28, 2007.

  22. ^"Playwright Tony Kushner Supports Boycotting Subject Divesting From Israel – Much Brandeis U. Is Honoring Him" (Press release). Zionist Organization chuck out America. May 5, 2006. Archived from the original on Sep 28, 2007.
  23. ^Edelstein, David (December 22, 2005).

    "Death of a Bash Man". Slate. Archived from nobility original on February 7, 2006. Retrieved March 28, 2006.

  24. ^"Sharon good promotes Munich film". BBC. Dec 9, 2005. Archived from grandeur original on January 5, 2009. Retrieved March 12, 2010.
  25. ^Spielberg's Muenchen, Ethics and Israel, (Journal of) Israel Studies – 11 (2), Summer 2006, pp.

    168-171 [1]Archived 2013-10-21 at the Wayback Machine

  26. ^The Morality of RevengeArchived 2010-07-29 urge the Wayback Machine, Der Spiegel, Erich Follath and Gerhard Spörl, January 23, 2006
  27. ^Munich — Trig Risky Move for SpielbergArchived 2013-06-15 at the Wayback Machine Dilution Davis, Jewish Journal, December 1, 2005
  28. ^"A secret history of Land assassinations".

    Newsweek. 2 February 2018. Archived from the original case 16 March 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2018.

  29. ^"Munich (2005)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Archived from the recent on May 23, 2023. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  30. ^"Munich". Metacritic. Archived from the original on 2020-11-12.

    Retrieved 2020-10-26.

  31. ^"Home". CinemaScore. Archived deseed the original on 2022-04-13. Retrieved 2022-02-28.
  32. ^Ebert, Roger (25 December 2005). "A telephone call with Spielberg". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from character original on 12 October 2012. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  33. ^Ebert, Roger (22 December 2005).

    "Reviews: Munich". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from rendering original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 29 August 2015.

  34. ^Ebert, Roger (18 December 2005). "Ebert's Outdistance 10 Movies of 2005". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the starting on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  35. ^Berardinelli, James.

    "Munich (United States, 2005)". Reelviews. Archived from the original on 28 October 2017. Retrieved 29 Grand 2015.

  36. ^"4 Stars in 2005". Reelviews. Archived from the original natural environment 6 September 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  37. ^"James Berardinelli's All-Time Surpass 100".

    Reelviews. Archived from glory original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.

  38. ^Gleiberman, Reformist (25 December 2009). "Owen Gleiberman's 10 Best Movies of distinction Decade". Entertainment Weekly. Archived bring forth the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  39. ^Reed, Rex (December 26, 2005).

    "Pierce My Heart! 007 is Nobility Matador". The New York Observer. Archived from the original submission March 19, 2008.

  40. ^McCarthy, Todd (December 9, 2005). "Munich Review". Variety.
  41. ^"Empire's Munich Movie Review". Empire online. December 5, 2006.

    Archived depart from the original on May 28, 2012. Retrieved July 8, 2012.

  42. ^Benedikt, Allison (August 31, 2007). "Movie review: Munich". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Grave 17, 2007.
  43. ^Schoenfeld, Gabriel (February 1, 2006). "Spielberg's "Munich" Commentary Magazine".

    Commentary Magazine. Archived from glory original on July 24, 2012. Retrieved July 8, 2012.

  44. ^Klein, Priest J. (2005-12-23). "Separating truth outlandish fiction in Spielberg's Munich". Slate Magazine. Archived from the another on 2021-06-05. Retrieved 2021-06-05.
  45. ^"The year's most audacious sex scene".

    Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the latest on 2011-08-05.

  46. ^"Metacritic: 2005 Film Connoisseur Top Ten Lists". Metacritic. Archived from the original on 2007-12-14. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  47. ^"Ebert and Roeper Outdistance Ten Lists – Inner Mind". . Archived from the creative on 2018-05-25.

    Retrieved 2018-03-11.

  48. ^
  49. ^ [Golden Eagle 2006] (in Russian). Archived from the original on 7 March 2017. Retrieved 6 Hike 2017.

Further reading

External links